Alternative Energy Limited

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Asia	Refers to the countries in East Asia (China, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Mongolia, and South and North Korea), South East Asia (Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Myanmar), and South Asia (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka).
Asia Pacific	Refers to the countries of Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Oceania, and Asia.
Biofuels	The product of biomass, include bioethanol, biobutanol, biodiesel & biogas. Biodiesel and biobutanol are used in petroleum-fuelled engines.
Biomass	An energy source produced from biological materials, such as plants. Biofuel is a product of biomass.
Btu	British Thermal Units – a unit for heat energy, generally used to specify the power of heating and cooling systems. One Btu is about 1.060 kilojoule.
CRW	Combustible Renewables and Waste – e.g. Biomass, Biofuel, and Solid Waste
EU	Used alternatively in this document with EU25.
EU25	The European Union consisting of 25 member states: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and UK.
Europe	In this document used alternatively with EU or EU25.
Gas	A broader classification which includes natural gas. Also included, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and gas works gas. (See natural gas)
GCV	Gross calorific value refers to the quantity of heat produced from fuel combustion including the heat recovered from water vapour in the process.
Geothermal	Refers to the use of heat energy sourced from deep into the earth. It is used for heating and electricity generation.
GJ (Giga joule)	One billion of joules, where one joule is one unit of energy produced.
GWh	Giga Watt hour – refers to the generation of 1 billion watts over one hour. (See Watt)
GWp	Giga-Watt peak
GWth	Giga-Watt thermal equivalent
Hydropower	Refers to a system that uses water to generate power, e.g. Hydroelectric, i.e. electricity generated from hydropower.
Hydropower (small scale)	Also termed small hydropower (SHP). Refers to hydropower generating systems of less than 10 MW. Also includes mini-hydro (<1 MW), micro-hydro (<100 kilowatts, or kW), and pico-hydro (<1 kW).
kWh	Kilo Watt hour – refers to the generation of 1,000 watts over one hour.
kWp	Kilo Watt peak (See Wp below).
Mtoe	Million ton of oil equivalent. A ton of oil equivalent (toe) is a standardised unit defined on the basis of one ton of oil having a net calorific value of 41.868 Gigajoules. It is a convenient common measure used to sum up the different fuels, based on their energy content. For example, one GJ of nuclear power will be equivalent to 0.024 tons of oil, and one ton of high-grade coal contains the same amount of energy as 0.7 ton of oil. Lower grades will contain less energy. One Mtoe contains the equivalent of 11,839,300 MWh.
MWth	One million Watt thermal equivalent (See GWth)
Natural gas	Generally, gaseous fossil fuel found in oil fields and consists primarily of methane.
OECD	The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development – a grouping of developed nations consisting of: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, and USA.
PV	Photovoltaic (See Solar photovoltaic).
Quadrillion	10 to the power of 15 (1015)
Renewables	Refers to renewable energy.
Renewable energy	Or “Renewables”. An indigenous regenerative energy source that is relatively limitless. In contrast, crude oil, coal, and nuclear are known to be finite resources and are being depleted as it is consumed. Renewable energy is considered to be a clean and sustainable, non-conventional energy source.
Solar collector	A solar thermal equipment that uses sunlight to heat water, which is subsequently used as hot water supply or for other heating purposes.
Solar energy	Refers to the use of sunlight as a renewable energy source. Solar energy applications consist of electricity generation, heating, cooling, cooking, and drying.
Solar module	Also referred to as PV module or solar generator, is an assembled system, including a panel of PV cells, using the sun's energy to generate electricity.
Solar photovoltaic (PV)	Refers to the technology where light-absorbing material is used to generate electricity with sunlight.
Solar thermal	A renewable energy technology that harnesses solar power to produce heat.
TJ (Tera joule)	One thousand billion joules.
toe	Tons oil equivalent (See Mtoe).
Tons or tonnes	Metric tons.
Total primary energy supply (TPES)	Refers to the total energy produced, net of imports and exports, net of reserve balances, and not including international marine bunkers.
W (Watt)	A unit of electrical power where one joule of energy is produced per second.
Wp	Stands for watt peak power (1,000 Wp = 1 kWp)]. This specifies the maximum supply of a power generating system under optimum conditions and does not indicate the actual power supply.
Waste	Refers to general municipal and industrial waste where it is used as fuel in power generating systems.
Wind energy	Refers to the use of the force of wind as a renewable energy to power generating systems such as wind turbines.